「擁有與給予」是構成社會互動的基本元素，物品的流動與歸屬是我們每天都會談論到的話題。本單元將GEPT初級詞彙中關於持有、給予、獲取及交換的動詞分類整理，讓您能更精準地表達這些概念。
擁有與持有 (Having & Possessing)
have
[hæv]
動詞 (v.)擁有
(have - had - had)
To possess, own, or hold.
I have a new computer.
我有一台新電腦。
She has two brothers and one sister.
她有兩個哥哥和一個姐姐。
own
[on]
動詞 (v.)擁有
(own - owned - owned)
To have (something) as one's own; possess.
They own a beautiful house by the lake.
他們在湖邊擁有一棟漂亮的房子。
Who owns this car?
這輛車是誰的？
keep
[kip]
動詞 (v.)保有, 飼養
(keep - kept - kept)
To have or retain possession of.
You can keep the change.
零錢不用找了。
She keeps a cat as a pet.
她養了一隻貓當寵物。
hold
[hold]
動詞 (v.)持有, 拿著
(hold - held - held)
To grasp, carry, or support with one's hands.
She is holding a red umbrella.
她正拿著一把紅色的傘。
Please hold my hand when we cross the street.
我們過馬路時請牽著我的手。
給予 (Giving)
give
[gɪv]
動詞 (v.)給予
(give - gave - given)
To freely transfer the possession of something to someone.
My parents gave me a bike for my birthday.
我父母送我一輛腳踏車當作我的生日禮物。
Can you give me some advice?
你可以給我一些建議嗎？
offer
['ɔfə]
動詞 (v.)提供
(offer - offered - offered)
To present or proffer (something) for someone to accept or reject as so desired.
He offered me a cup of tea.
他為我端來一杯茶。
The company offered him a new job.
那家公司提供給他一份新工作。
send
[sɛnd]
動詞 (v.)寄送, 傳送
(send - sent - sent)
To cause to go or be taken to a particular destination; arrange for the delivery of, especially by mail.
I need to send an important email.
我需要寄一封重要的電子郵件。
She sent a gift to her mother.
她寄了一個禮物給她的媽媽。
lend
[lɛnd]
動詞 (v.)借出
(lend - lent - lent)
To grant to (someone) the use of (something) on the understanding that it shall be returned.
Can you lend me your pen?
你可以借我你的筆嗎？
The bank agreed to lend him money.
銀行同意借錢給他。
pass
[pæs]
動詞 (v.)傳遞
(pass - passed - passed)
To cause (something) to move in a specified direction.
Could you please pass the salt?
可以請你把鹽遞過來嗎？
He passed the ball to his teammate.
他將球傳給他的隊友。
serve
[sɝv]
動詞 (v.)服務, 供應(餐飲)
(serve - served - served)
To perform duties or services for (another person or an organization).
The waitress is serving the customers.
女服務生正在為顧客服務。
They serve breakfast until 10 a.m.
他們供應早餐到早上十點。
獲取 (Getting)
get
[gɛt]
動詞 (v.)得到
(get - got - gotten/got)
To come to have or hold (something); receive.
What did you get for your birthday?
你生日得到什麼禮物？
I need to get some milk from the store.
我需要從店裡買些牛奶。
receive
[rɪ'siv]
動詞 (v.)收到
(receive - received - received)
To be given, presented with, or paid (something).
I received a letter from my friend today.
我今天收到一封來自我朋友的信。
She received many gifts on her wedding day.
她在她結婚那天收到了很多禮物。
take
[tek]
動詞 (v.)拿, 取
(take - took - taken)
To reach for and hold (something) in one's hands.
Don't forget to take your keys when you leave.
你離開時別忘了帶鑰匙。
He took a book from the shelf.
他從書架上拿了一本書。
borrow
['bɑro]
動詞 (v.)借入
(borrow - borrowed - borrowed)
To take and use (something belonging to someone else) with the intention of returning it.
May I borrow your dictionary?
我可以借你的字典嗎？
He borrowed a lot of money from the bank.
他向銀行借了很多錢。
collect
[kə'lɛkt]
動詞 (v.)收集
(collect - collected - collected)
To bring or gather together (a number of things).
He likes to collect stamps from different countries.
他喜歡收集來自不同國家的郵票。
The mailman collects mail from the mailbox every day.
郵差每天都會從郵筒收信。
find
[faɪnd]
動詞 (v.)找到, 發現
(find - found - found)
To discover or perceive by chance or unexpectedly.
I can't find my glasses.
我找不到我的眼鏡。
She found a wallet on the street.
她在街上撿到一個皮夾。
win
[wɪn]
動詞 (v.)贏得
(win - won - won)
To be successful or victorious in (a contest or conflict).
Our team won the game.
我們隊贏了那場比賽。
She hopes to win the first prize.
她希望贏得首獎。
交換與花費 (Exchanging & Spending)
buy
[baɪ]
動詞 (v.)購買
(buy - bought - bought)
To obtain in exchange for payment.
I'm going to buy a new phone this weekend.
我這週末要去買一支新手機。
She bought a lot of souvenirs on her trip.
她在旅途中買了很多紀念品。
pay
[pe]
動詞 (v.)付錢
(pay - paid - paid)
To give (someone) money that is due for work done, goods received, or a debt incurred.
I'll pay for the tickets.
我來付票錢。
You can pay by cash.
你可以用現金付款。
cost
[kɔst]
動詞 (v.)花費, 價值為
(cost - cost - cost)
(Of an object or action) to require the payment of (a specified sum of money) before it can be acquired or done.
How much does this book cost?
這本書多少錢？
The trip will cost us a lot of money.
這趟旅行將會花我們很多錢。
spend
[spɛnd]
動詞 (v.)花費(金錢, 時間)
(spend - spent - spent)
To give (money) to pay for goods, services, or so as to benefit someone or something.
She spent all her money on clothes.
她把所有的錢都花在衣服上了。
How do you usually spend your weekends?
你通常如何度過你的週末？
sell
[sɛl]
動詞 (v.)販賣
(sell - sold - sold)
To give or hand over (something) in exchange for money.
They sell fresh fruit at the market.
他們在市場上販賣新鮮水果。
He decided to sell his old car.
他決定賣掉他的舊車。
trade
[tred]
動詞/名詞 (v./n.)交換; 交易
(trade - traded - traded)
To exchange (something) for something else, typically as a commercial transaction.
I'll trade my apple for your sandwich.
我拿我的蘋果跟你交換三明治。
The two countries have a long history of trade.
這兩個國家有很長的貿易歷史。
失去 (Losing)
lose
[luz]
動詞 (v.)失去, 輸掉
(lose - lost - lost)
To be deprived of or cease to have or retain (something).
Be careful not to lose your ticket.
小心不要弄丟你的票。
He was sad because his team lost the game.
他很難過，因為他的隊伍輸了比賽。
十九、互動測驗
準備好了嗎？來測試一下您的學習成果！
