「代名詞」是用來取代名詞的詞，能避免重複，讓句子更簡潔流暢。它們是構成句子的基本要素。本單元將GEPT初級詞彙中的代名詞依其功能（人稱、所有格、指示）分類，讓您一次掌握它們的用法。
Personal Pronouns
人稱代名詞用來指代特定的人或事物，並根據在句中的功能分為「主格」（當主詞）和「受格」（當受詞）。
第一人稱 (First Person)
I
[aɪ]
主格 (pron.)我
Used by a speaker to refer to himself or herself as the subject of a verb.
I am a student.
我是一名學生。
me
[mi]
受格 (pron.)我
Used as the object of a verb or preposition, referring to the speaker.
Can you help me?
你能幫助我嗎？
we
[wi]
主格 (pron.)我們
Used by a speaker to refer to himself or herself and one or more other people as the subject of a verb.
We are a family.
我們是一家人。
us
[ʌs]
受格 (pron.)我們
Used as the object of a verb or preposition, referring to the speaker and one or more other people.
He will join us later.
他晚點會加入我們。
第二/三人稱 (Second/Third Person)
you
[ju]
主格/受格 (pron.)你, 你們
Used to refer to the person or people that the speaker is addressing, functioning as both subject and object.
You are my best friend. (主格)
你是我最好的朋友。
he / him
[hi] / [hɪm]
主格/受格 (pron.)他
Used to refer to a man, boy, or male animal previously mentioned.
He is my brother. / I saw him.
他是我的兄弟 / 我看到他了。
she / her
[ʃi] / [hɜr]
主格/受格 (pron.)她
Used to refer to a woman, girl, or female animal previously mentioned.
She is a singer. / I met her.
她是一位歌手 / 我遇見了她。
it
[ɪt]
主格/受格 (pron.)它
Used to refer to a thing, animal, or situation previously mentioned or easily identified.
It is a beautiful day. / I like it.
這是美好的一天 / 我喜歡它。
they / them
[ðeɪ] / [ðɛm]
主格/受格 (pron.)他們, 她們, 它們
Used to refer to two or more people or things previously mentioned.
They are my parents. / I don't know any of them.
他們是我的父母 / 我一個也不認識他們。
Possessives
所有格用來表示「所有」或「歸屬」關係，分為「所有格形容詞」（後面需加名詞）和「所有格代名詞」（本身即為名詞）。
my
[maɪ]
所有格形容詞我的
Belonging to or associated with the speaker.
This is my book.
這是我的書。
our
['aʊr]
所有格形容詞我們的
Belonging to or associated with the speaker and one or more other people.
Welcome to our house.
歡迎來到我們的家。
your
[jʊr]
所有格形容詞你的, 你們的
Belonging to or associated with the person or people that the speaker is addressing.
Is this your pen?
這是你的筆嗎？
his
[hɪz]
所有格形容詞他的
Belonging to or associated with a man or boy previously mentioned.
I like his new car.
我喜歡他的新車。
her
[hɜr]
所有格形容詞她的
Belonging to or associated with a woman or girl previously mentioned.
Her hair is long and brown.
她的頭髮又長又棕。
its
[ɪts]
所有格形容詞它的
Belonging to or associated with a thing or animal previously mentioned.
The dog is wagging its tail.
那隻狗正在搖牠的尾巴。
their
[ðɛr]
所有格形容詞他們的, 她們的, 它們的
Belonging to or associated with the people or things previously mentioned.
The students are doing their homework.
學生們正在做他們的作業。
Demonstrative Pronouns
指示代名詞用來指稱特定的人或事物。
this
[ðɪs]
指示代名詞 (pron.)這, 這個 (單數)
Used to identify a specific person or thing close at hand.
This is my teacher.
這是我的老師。
that
[ðæt]
指示代名詞 (pron.)那, 那個 (單數)
Used to identify a specific person or thing further away.
That is my house over there.
那邊是我的房子。
Indefinite Pronouns
不定代名詞指代不特定的人或事物。
all
[ɔl]
不定代名詞 (pron.)全部, 全體
The whole quantity or extent of a particular group or thing.
All of the students passed the exam.
所有的學生都通過了考試。
both
[boθ]
不定代名詞 (pron.)兩者都
Two people or things, regarded and addressed together.
Both of my parents are doctors.
我的父母都是醫生。
each
[itʃ]
不定代名詞 (pron.)各自, 每個
Every one of two or more people or things, regarded and identified separately.
Each student has a different talent.
每個學生都有不同的才能。
one
[wʌn]
不定代名詞 (pron.)一個
Referring to a person or thing previously mentioned or a general person.
I'll take the red one, not the blue one.
我要紅色的，不要藍色的。
本章重點
- 學習了人稱代名詞的主格與受格用法。
- 掌握了表示歸屬的所有格形容詞。
- 認識了用來指稱特定事物的指示代名詞。
- 了解了指代不特定對象的不定代名詞。
