「介系詞」是英語語法中的黏著劑，雖然字小，卻是決定句子意義的關鍵。它們用來表達時間、位置、方向及各種關係。本單元將GEPT初級詞彙中的常用介系詞依其功能分類，讓您能更有系統地學習與辨析。
表示位置 (Prepositions of Place)
基本位置 (Point, Surface & Area)
at
[æt]
介系詞 (prep.)在 (一個點)
Used to indicate a particular point or location, or a specific time.
Let's meet at the train station.
我們在火車站見面吧。
The class starts at 9 o'clock.
課程在九點開始。
on
[ɑn]
介系詞 (prep.)在……之上 (接觸表面)
Used to indicate position on a surface, or a specific day or date.
The book is on the desk.
書在書桌上。
My birthday is on October 10th.
我的生日在十月十日。
in
[ɪn]
介系詞 (prep.)在……之內 (在一個空間裡)
Used to indicate a location or position within or inside something, or a period of time (e.g., month, season, year).
The cat is sleeping in the box.
貓在盒子裡睡覺。
I was born in 1990.
我出生於1990年。
within
[wɪð'ɪn]
介系詞 (prep.)在……範圍內
Inside (something); or not going beyond a specified limit.
The park is within walking distance of my house.
公園在我家步行範圍內。
Please complete the task within a week.
請在一週內完成任務。
相對位置 (Relative Position)
above
[ə'bʌv]
介系詞 (prep.)在……之上 (未接觸)
At a higher level or layer than.
The sun is above the clouds.
太陽在雲層之上。
His apartment is above a coffee shop.
他的公寓在咖啡店樓上。
over
['ovɚ]
介系詞 (prep.)在……正上方
Extending directly upward from; or covering the surface of.
There is a bridge over the river.
河上有一座橋。
He put a blanket over the sleeping child.
他給熟睡的孩子蓋上毯子。
under
['ʌndə]
介系詞 (prep.)在……之下
At a lower level than; beneath.
The cat is hiding under the table.
貓藏在桌子下面。
She wore a T-shirt under her jacket.
她在夾克裡面穿了一件T恤。
behind
[bɪ'haɪnd]
介系詞 (prep.)在……後面
At or to the far side or back of (something).
The garden is behind the house.
花園在房子後面。
Who is the person standing behind you?
站在你後面的是誰？
between
[bɪ'twin]
介系詞 (prep.)在(兩者)之間
At, into, or across the space separating (two objects or regions).
The shop is between the bank and the library.
商店在銀行和圖書館之間。
I sat between my two best friends.
我坐在我兩個最好的朋友之間。
among
[ə'mʌŋ]
介系詞 (prep.)在(三者以上)之中
Situated in the middle of (a group of people or things).
There is a traitor among us.
我們之中有叛徒。
She is popular among her classmates.
她在同學中很受歡迎。
beside
[bɪ'saɪd]
介系詞 (prep.)在……旁邊
At the side of; next to.
He sat beside me during the movie.
看電影時他坐在我旁邊。
The park is right beside the river.
公園就在河邊。
near
[nɪr]
介系詞 (prep.)在……附近
At or to a short distance away from (a place).
I live near the school.
我住在學校附近。
Is there a convenience store near here?
這附近有便利商店嗎？
around
[ə'raʊnd]
介系詞 (prep.)在……周圍
Located or situated on every side.
There are many trees around the lake.
湖周圍有許多樹。
We sat around the campfire and sang songs.
我們圍著營火唱歌。
by
[baɪ]
介系詞 (prep.)在……旁邊 / 藉由, 被
At the side of; next to, or indicating the means of achieving something.
The house by the sea is beautiful.
海邊的房子很漂亮。
I go to work by bus.
我搭公車上班。
表示方向與移動 (Prepositions of Direction & Movement)
to
[tu]
介系詞 (prep.)到, 向
Used to indicate the place, person, or thing that someone or something moves toward.
We are going to the park.
我們正要去公園。
I gave the book to him.
我把書給了他。
from
[frʌm]
介系詞 (prep.)從
Used to indicate the point in space or time at which a journey, motion, or action starts.
I just came back from Japan.
我剛從日本回來。
The train from Taipei will arrive soon.
從台北來的火車很快就到。
into
['ɪntu]
介系詞 (prep.)進入……之內
To a position in or inside something.
He jumped into the swimming pool.
他跳進了游泳池。
She walked into the room.
她走進了房間。
off
[ɔf]
介系詞 (prep.)離開(表面)
Away from the place in question; to or at a distance.
The cat jumped off the roof.
貓跳下了屋頂。
Please take your feet off the table.
請把你的腳從桌子上拿開。
up
[ʌp]
介系詞 (prep.)向上
Toward a higher place or position.
He is walking up the stairs.
他正走上樓梯。
The balloon is going up into the sky.
氣球正升向天空。
down
[daʊn]
介系詞 (prep.)向下
Toward a lower place or position.
Tears ran down her face.
淚水流下了她的臉頰。
She is coming down the hill.
她正走下山。
across
[ə'krɔs]
介系詞 (prep.)穿越, 橫越
From one side to the other of (a place, area, etc.).
Be careful when you walk across the street.
過馬路時要小心。
There is a bridge across the river.
河上有一座橋。
along
[ə'lɔŋ]
介系詞 (prep.)沿著
Moving in a constant direction on (a road, path, or any more or less horizontal surface).
We walked along the beach.
我們沿著海灘散步。
There are many trees along the river.
河邊有很多樹。
through
[θru]
介系詞 (prep.)穿過
Moving in one side and out of the other side of (an opening, channel, or location).
We drove through a long tunnel.
我們開車穿過一條長長的隧道。
The train is passing through the countryside.
火車正在穿過鄉村。
toward
[tə'word]
介系詞 (prep.)朝向
In the direction of.
She is walking toward the school.
她正走向學校。
He took a step toward the door.
他向門走了一步。
表示時間 (Prepositions of Time)
before
[bɪ'for]
介系詞 (prep.)在……之前
During the period of time preceding (a particular event or time); earlier than a specific time or event.
You should finish your homework before dinner.
你應該在晚餐前完成作業。
I arrived before him.
我比他先到。
after
['æftə]
介系詞 (prep.)在……之後
Following in time; coming later than a specific time or event.
Let's go for a walk after lunch.
午餐後我們去散步吧。
He came home after midnight.
他午夜後才回家。
during
['djʊrɪŋ]
介系詞 (prep.)在……期間
Throughout the course or duration of (a period of time).
Please don't talk during the movie.
看電影時請不要說話。
He fell asleep during the meeting.
他在會議期間睡著了。
表示方式與關係 (Prepositions of Manner & Relation)
with
[wɪð]
介系詞 (prep.)和, 用, 帶著
Accompanied by (another person or thing); or indicating the instrument used.
I went to the party with my friends.
我跟朋友一起去派對。
She cut the paper with a pair of scissors.
她用剪刀剪紙。
without
[wɪð'aʊt]
介系詞 (prep.)沒有
Not having or using; unaccompanied by.
I can't see without my glasses.
我沒有眼鏡就看不見。
He left without saying goodbye.
他沒說再見就走了。
of
[ʌv]
介系詞 (prep.)……的
Expressing the relationship between a part and a whole; or possession.
He is a friend of mine.
他是我的一個朋友。
This is the cover of the book.
這是書的封面。
for
[fɔr]
介系詞 (prep.)為了, 給
Intended to be given to; or indicating purpose or duration.
This gift is for you.
這個禮物是給你的。
He is studying hard for the exam.
他正在為考試努力讀書。
about
[ə'baʊt]
介系詞 (prep.)關於
On the subject of; concerning.
This book is about animals.
這本書是關於動物的。
What are you talking about?
你在說什麼？
like
[laɪk]
介系詞 (prep.)像
Similar to; in the same way or manner as.
She looks like her mother.
她長得像她媽媽。
He runs like the wind.
他跑得像風一樣快。
against
[ə'gɛnst]
介系詞 (prep.)反對, 倚靠
In opposition to; or in contact with and supported by.
Are you for or against this plan?
你贊成還是反對這個計畫？
He leaned against the wall.
他靠在牆上。
八、互動測驗
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