【動詞搭配實用指南】一篇搞懂常用動詞後的動詞變化
在英文中，當一個動詞後面要接另一個動詞時，並不能隨意組合。第二個動詞需要根據前方「主要動詞」的特性，來決定要變成 to + V（不定詞）還是 V-ing（動名詞）的形式。這就是所謂的「動詞搭配」。
掌握這些固定搭配是讓您的英文句子聽起來自然、正確的關鍵。本篇指南將為您分類整理最常見的動詞搭配，並為每個動詞提供實用例句。
1. 動詞 + 不定詞 (Verb + to-infinitive)
這類動詞的後面，若要接另一個動詞，必須使用「不定詞 (to + V)」的形式。這些動詞通常帶有未來、意圖、計畫、決心、承諾等意味。
- want (想要)
The kids want to play outside. - need (需要)
You need to finish this report by 5 PM. - plan (計畫)
We are planning to visit our grandparents this weekend. - decide (決定)
She decided to change her job. - hope (希望)
I hope to see you at the party. - promise (承諾)
He promised to call me every day. - agree (同意)
My boss agreed to give me a day off. - learn (學習)
He is learning to cook Italian food. - ask (要求)
She asked to speak with the manager. - expect (期望)
I expect to get a promotion this year. - offer (提議；主動提出)
The man offered to help me with my heavy luggage. - refuse (拒絕)
The little boy refused to eat his vegetables. - manage (設法完成)
We somehow managed to catch the last train.
2. 動詞 + 動名詞 (Verb + Gerund)
這類動詞的後面，若要接另一個動詞，必須使用「動名詞 (V-ing)」的形式。這些動詞通常與經驗、享受、結束、持續、逃避等概念有關。
- enjoy (享受)
We enjoy watching comedies. - finish (完成)
Have you finished writing your essay? - practice (練習)
A pianist must practice playing the piano for hours every day. - avoid (避免)
You should avoid making the same mistake again. - mind (介意)
Would you mind closing the door? It's cold. - keep (持續)
Please keep trying; don't give up! - quit (戒掉；停止)
My father finally quit smoking last year. - give up (放棄)
She gave up trying to persuade him. - suggest (建議)
He suggested going for a walk after dinner. - admit (承認)
The suspect admitted stealing the money. - deny (否認)
He denied knowing anything about the plan. - consider (考慮)
We are considering moving to a bigger house.
3. 動詞 + 原形動詞 (Verb + Bare Infinitive)
這是一類比較特殊的動詞，其後方直接接「原形動詞 (V)」，不需要 to。
使役動詞 (Causative Verbs): make, let, have
- make (強迫；使...)
The teacher made the students stay after class. (老師要學生們放學後留下來。) - let (允許；讓...)
My parents won't let me go to the concert. (我父母不讓我去演唱會。) - have (叫；使...)
I will have my assistant call you to arrange a meeting. (我會讓我的助理打電話給你安排會議。)
感官動詞 (Sensory Verbs): see, watch, hear, feel...
- see
We saw a stranger enter the house. (我們看到一個陌生人進入了房子。) - hear
Did you hear someone open the door? (你有聽到有人開門嗎？)
4. 兩種形式皆可，意義不變或相近
有些動詞後面可以接 to V 或 V-ing，且意思沒有太大差別，可以通用。
- like
I like to get up early. / I like getting up early. - love
She loves to dance. / She loves dancing. - hate
He hates to wait in line. / He hates waiting in line. - prefer
They prefer to eat at home. / They prefer eating at home. - start
It started to rain. / It started raining. - begin
The baby began to cry. / The baby began crying. - continue
He continued to work despite feeling tired. / He continued working despite feeling tired.
5. 兩種形式皆可，但意義大不同
這是最需要注意的進階用法。有些動詞後面雖然兩種形式都能接，但意思會完全改變。
stop
- stop + to V (停下來，去做另一件事)
He was thirsty, so he stopped to drink some water. (他口渴了，所以停下來去喝點水。) - stop + V-ing (停止、終止正在做的事)
The doctor told him to stop smoking. (醫生告訴他要戒菸。)
remember
- remember + to V (記得要去做某事)
Did you remember to lock the door before you left? (你離開前記得要去鎖門了嗎？) - remember + V-ing (記得曾經做過某事)
I clearly remember locking the door. I don't know why it's open. (我清楚地記得我鎖過門了，不知道為什麼現在是開的。)
forget
- forget + to V (忘記要去做某事)
I'm sorry, I forgot to bring your book. (對不起，我忘記要帶你的書了。) - forget + V-ing (忘記曾經做過某事)
I'll never forget seeing the Eiffel Tower for the first time. (我永遠不會忘記第一次見到巴黎鐵塔的景象。)
try
- try + to V (努力、嘗試去做)
She tried to persuade her boss, but he didn't agree. (她努力嘗試說服她的老闆，但他不同意。) - try + V-ing (試著做看看)
A: The computer is frozen. B: Try restarting it. (試著重開機看看。)
總結
動詞搭配是英語中非常重要的一環，它仰賴大量的接觸與記憶。建議您可以從最常用的動詞開始，在閱讀和口說中多加留意，逐步建立起您的語感資料庫。
