「冠詞與限定詞」是名詞的好夥伴，它們能幫助我們清楚指稱、限定或量化名詞。雖然字詞簡短，卻是構成道地、準確英文句子的基石。本單元將這些關鍵詞依功能分類，助您釐清用法。
冠詞 (Articles)
冠詞用來表示名詞的指稱性質，分為不定冠詞 (a/an) 和定冠詞 (the)。
a / an
[ə]
冠詞 (art.)一個
Used before singular countable nouns when the listener/reader does not know exactly which one we are referring to. Use "an" before a vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u).
I have a cat.
She is an honest person.
the
[ði] / [ðə]
冠詞 (art.)這(些), 那(些)
Used to refer to specific or particular nouns; used when the listener/reader knows exactly what we are referring to.
The book on the table is mine.
The sun is very bright today.
指示限定詞 (Demonstrative Determiners)
指示限定詞用來指示或點明特定的名詞。
this
[ðɪs]
形容詞 (a.)這, 這個 (近的單數)
Used to identify a specific person or thing close at hand.
This apple is very sweet.
I like this song.
that
[ðæt]
形容詞 (a.)那, 那個 (遠的單數)
Used to identify a specific person or thing further away.
Look at that bird in the tree.
That house is very big.
these
[ðiz]
形容詞 (a.)這些 (近的複數)
Plural form of "this".
These flowers are for you.
I need to wash these dirty clothes.
those
[ðoz]
形容詞 (a.)那些 (遠的複數)
Plural form of "that".
Who are those people over there?
Those mountains are beautiful.
數量限定詞 (Quantifiers)
表示全部或兩者 (All or Both)
all
[ɔl]
形容詞 (a.)全部的
Used to refer to the whole quantity or extent of a particular group or thing.
All students must wear uniforms.
I spent all my money on this book.
every
['ɛvrɪ]
形容詞 (a.)每一 (接單數名詞)
Used to refer to all the individual members of a set without exception.
She exercises every day.
Every student in the class passed the test.
each
[itʃ]
形容詞 (a.)每個 (接單數名詞)
Used to refer to every one of two or more people or things, regarded and identified separately.
Each child received a gift.
The teacher gave each student a different topic.
both
[boθ]
形容詞 (a.)兩者都…
Used to refer to two people or things, regarded and addressed together.
Both my parents are from Taiwan.
She can play both the piano and the guitar.
表示部分或不定量 (Partial or Indefinite Quantity)
some
[sʌm]
形容詞 (a.)一些
An unspecified amount or number of.
I need some help with my homework.
There are some books on the desk.
any
['ɛnɪ]
形容詞 (a.)任何的 (常用於否定句及疑問句)
Used to refer to one or some of a thing or number of things, no matter how much or how many.
I don't have any money.
Do you have any questions?
several
['sɛvərəl]
形容詞 (a.)幾個, 數個
More than two but not many.
I have several good friends.
It happened several years ago.
another
[ə'nʌðə]
形容詞 (a.)另一個
Used to refer to an additional person or thing of the same type as one already mentioned or known about.
Can I have another cup of coffee?
This book is boring, let's read another one.
other
['ʌðə]
形容詞 (a.)其他的
Used to refer to a person or thing that is different or distinct from one already mentioned or known about.
I have two cats; one is black, and the other cat is white.
Do you have any other questions?
enough
[ə'nʌf]
形容詞 (a.)足夠的
As much or as many as required.
Do we have enough food for the party?
I don't have enough time to finish the work.
表示多 (Many/Much)
many
['mɛnɪ]
形容詞 (a.)許多 (接可數名詞)
A large number of.
There are many people in the park.
How many books do you have?
much
[mʌtʃ]
形容詞 (a.)許多 (接不可數名詞)
A large amount of.
I don't have much time.
How much money do you need?
more
[mor]
形容詞 (a.)更多的 (many/much 的比較級)
A greater or additional amount or degree of.
I need more time to finish the project.
Would you like some more coffee?
most
[most]
形容詞 (a.)大部分的, 最多的 (many/much 的最高級)
Greatest in amount or degree.
Most students in my class like pop music.
He has the most money in our group.
表示少 (Few/Little)
few
[fju]
形容詞 (a.)少數, 很少 (接可數名詞)
A small number of.
Few people can answer this difficult question.
I have a few good friends.
little
['lıtl]
形容詞 (a.)很少, 一點點 (接不可數名詞)
A small amount of.
There is little milk left in the bottle.
I need a little sugar for my tea.
less
[lɛs]
形容詞 (a.)較少的 (little 的比較級)
A smaller amount of; not as much.
You should spend less time playing video games.
I have less money than you.
選擇性限定詞 (Alternative Determiners)
either
['iðə]
形容詞 (a.)(兩者中)任一個
Used to refer to one or the other of two people or things.
You can take either road.
I don't like either of the options.
neither
['niðə]
形容詞 (a.)(兩者中)沒有一個
Not the one nor the other of two people or things.
Neither answer is correct.
Neither of his parents could come to the meeting.
其他 (Others)
such
[sʌtʃ]
形容詞 (a.)如此的, 這樣的
Of the type previously mentioned.
I have never seen such a beautiful sight.
Don't be in such a hurry.
六、互動測驗
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