形容詞子句 (Adjective / Relative Clauses) - 為名詞量身打造的專屬修飾語

互動式形容詞子句全解 (Adjective Clauses)

形容詞子句: 為名詞量身打造的修飾語

掌握 who, which, that 的用法, 讓你的句子更豐富、更精確。

形容詞子句示意圖

形容詞子句 (Adjective / Relative Clauses)

當我們想表達更詳細的資訊, 例如「住在我隔壁的那個男人」或「我昨天買的那本書」時, 就需要用一個「句子」來當形容詞。這種用來修飾名詞的句子, 就叫做形容詞子句, 也常被稱為關係子句

核心要素: 關係詞 (Relative Words)

關係詞是引導形容詞子句的靈魂, 分為「關係代名詞」和「關係副詞」。

1. 關係代名詞 (Relative Pronouns)

修飾對象主格受格所有格
指「人」who / thatwhom / who / thatwhose
指「事物」which / thatwhich / thatwhose
  • The woman who works at the bank is my aunt. (主格)
  • The man whom you met is my teacher. (受格)

2. 關係副詞 (Relative Adverbs)

關係副詞用途範例
where地點This is the house where I grew up.
when時間I remember the day when we first met.
why原因That is the reason why he was late.

關係代名詞的省略規則

省略的黃金規則

只有當關係代名詞在形容詞子句中擔任「受格 (Object)」時, 才可以省略。

判斷方法: 看關係代名詞後面的第一個字

  • 主格 (不可省略): The man who lives here is a musician. (who 後面是動詞 lives)
  • 受格 (可以省略): The man (whom) I met is a musician. (whom 後面是主詞 I)

限定與非限定子句

這是形容詞子句最關鍵的進階觀念, 其區別在於子句提供的資訊是否「必要」, 並直接影響是否要加逗點。

限定子句 (Restrictive)

沒有它, 就不知道是誰/哪個

  • 不加逗點
  • 可用 that
  • 例: The student who won the first prize is from my class.

非限定子句 (Non-Restrictive)

只是補充說明, 先行詞已明確

  • 必須加逗點
  • 不可用 that
  • 例: My father, who is a doctor, works late.

本章總結與練習

小練習

A. 填入最適當的關係詞:

1. This is the park ____________ we often have picnics.

2. The woman ____________ is wearing a hat is a famous actress.

3. She has a son ____________ name is Kevin.

B. 將兩句合併為一句含有形容詞子句的句子:

4. The movie was very scary. We saw it last night. (請用省略關係代名詞的寫法)

5. Steve Jobs founded Apple Inc. He passed away in 2011. (請用非限定子句)

答案: 1. where, 2. who, 3. whose, 4. The movie we saw last night was very scary., 5. Steve Jobs, who founded Apple Inc., passed away in 2011.

互動測驗:形容詞子句挑戰

準備好挑戰了嗎? 點擊下方按鈕開始測驗!

© 2025 互動式形容詞子句全解. All rights reserved.