「助動詞與情態動詞」是動詞的好幫手，它們本身沒有完整意義，但能與主要動詞連用，形成否定句、疑問句，或表達能力、可能性、義務等不同語氣。本單元將這些關鍵動詞依功能分類，幫助您掌握句型變化的精髓。
基本助動詞 (Primary Auxiliaries)
基本助動詞主要用來幫助主要動詞形成各種時態、語態、否定句或疑問句。
Be 動詞 (Verb "to be")
be
[bi]
動詞 (v.)是 (原形)
Used with a present participle to form continuous tenses, or with a past participle to form the passive voice.
You should be quiet in the library.
你應該在圖書館保持安靜。
I want to be a teacher.
我想要成為一名老師。
am
[æm]
動詞 (v.)是 (第一人稱單數現在式)
The first person singular present form of "be".
I am studying for my test.
我正在為我的考試讀書。
I am a student.
我是一位學生。
is
[ɪz]
動詞 (v.)是 (第三人稱單數現在式)
The third person singular present form of "be".
He is watching TV.
他正在看電視。
The book is on the table.
書在桌上。
are
[ɑr]
動詞 (v.)是 (第二人稱 & 所有複數現在式)
The second person singular and plural and first and third person plural present form of "be".
We are going to the park.
我們正要去公園。
Are you ready?
你準備好了嗎？
Do 動詞 (Verb "to do")
do
[du]
助動詞 (aux.)助動詞
Used to form questions and negative statements in the simple present tense. (第三人稱單數用 does)
Do you like ice cream?
你喜歡冰淇淋嗎？
I do not know the answer.
我不知道答案。
情態助動詞 (Modal Auxiliaries)
情態助動詞用來表達說話者的語氣，如能力、可能性、義務、建議等。後面必須接原形動詞。
表示能力 (Ability)
can
[kæn]
助動詞 (aux.)能夠, 可以
Used to express ability or to say that something is possible.
I can swim.
我會游泳。
Can you help me, please?
可以請你幫我嗎？
could
[kʊd]
助動詞 (aux.)能夠 (can 的過去式)
Used as the past tense of "can", to express ability.
When I was young, I could run very fast.
我年輕時，可以跑得非常快。
Could you please pass the salt?
可以請你把鹽遞過來嗎？[較客氣的用法]
表示可能性 (Possibility)
may
[me]
助動詞 (aux.)或許, 可能
Used to express possibility.
It may rain tomorrow.
明天可能會下雨。
May I use your phone?
我可以用你的電話嗎？[表請求允許]
might
[maɪt]
助動詞 (aux.)可能 (可能性比 may 低)
Used to express possibility, often suggesting less certainty than "may".
He might come to the party, but he's not sure.
他可能會來派對，但他不確定。
Take an umbrella, it might rain later.
帶把傘吧，等一下可能會下雨。
表示義務與建議 (Obligation & Advice)
must
[mʌst]
助動詞 (aux.)必須
Used to say that something is necessary or required.
You must finish your homework before you go out.
你出去前必須完成你的作業。
All passengers must wear a seatbelt.
所有乘客都必須繫上安全帶。
should
[ʃʊd]
助動詞 (aux.)應該
Used to indicate a desirable or recommended course of action.
You should eat more vegetables.
你應該多吃蔬菜。
We should leave now, or we will be late.
我們現在應該離開了，否則我們會遲到。
表示未來與意願 (Future & Volition)
will
[wɪl]
助動詞 (aux.)將會
Used to express the future tense.
I will call you tomorrow.
我明天會打給你。
It will be cold this winter.
今年冬天將會很冷。
shall
[ʃæl]
助動詞 (aux.)將會 (常用於第一人稱), 必須
Used instead of "will" with I and we to make offers or suggestions, or to ask questions about the future.
Shall we dance?
我們跳舞好嗎？
I shall return.
我將會回來。
四、互動測驗
準備好了嗎？來測試一下您的學習成果！
