學會使用所有格形容詞與所有格名詞, 精準回答「這是誰的?」
所有格的兩大形式
在英語中, 用來表達「所有權」或「歸屬關係」的語法就稱為所有格 (Possessives)。它就像是為物品蓋上一個專屬的印記, 清楚地標示出它的主人。本章將介紹兩種最核心、最常用的所有格形式。
所有格形容詞 (Possessive Adjectives)
它們的性質像形容詞, 功能是為其後方的名詞標示出「主人」。其後方必須緊跟一個名詞, 不能單獨存在。
| 主格 | 所有格形容詞 | 範例 |
|---|---|---|
| I | my | This is my book. |
| you | your | Is that your pencil? |
| he | his | His name is David. |
| she | her | Her cat is white. |
| it | its | The dog is chasing its tail. |
| we | our | Our classroom is big. |
| they | their | Their car is red. |
易混淆字辨析
its (它的) vs. it's (它是)
- its: The cat licked its paw.
- it's: It's a beautiful day. (it is)
their (他們的) vs. there (那裡) vs. they're (他們是)
- their: That is their house.
- there: The book is over there.
- they're: They're good students. (they are)
所有格名詞 (Possessive Nouns)
當想表達特定名詞的所有權時, 就要使用所有格名詞。核心是在名詞後方加上撇號 (') 和 s。
規則 1: 單數名詞 → 加上 's
→ This is John's car.
→ The cat's toy is on the floor.
規則 2: s 結尾的複數名詞 → 只加上撇號 '
→ The students' homework is on the desk.
→ My parents' house is in Taipei.
規則 3: 不規則複數名詞 (字尾非 s) → 加上 's
→ The children's laughter is music.
→ The men's restroom is on the right.
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