連接詞: 串連思想的語法黏著劑
掌握 and, but, because, if, 讓你的表達更具邏輯與深度。
連接詞與連接句構
語言的魅力在於能夠流暢地串連思想, 表達更複雜的邏輯關係。要做到這一點, 我們需要各式各樣的「語法黏著劑」——連接詞 (Conjunctions)。
對等連接詞 (Coordinating)
用來連接兩個在語法上地位相等、結構平行的單位。
語法焦點: 當連接兩個獨立子句時, 通常需要在連接詞前加上逗號。例: It was raining, so we stayed home.
| 連接詞 | 核心功能 | 範例 |
|---|---|---|
| and | 對等添加 | I like apples and bananas. |
| but | 對比 / 轉折 | She is smart, but lazy. |
| or | 提供選擇 | Do you want tea or coffee? |
| so | 表示結果 | He was tired, so he went to bed. |
從屬連接詞 (Subordinating)
用來引導一個「從屬子句」, 使其依附於一個「主要子句」, 以表達更複雜的關係。
語法焦點: 如果「從屬子句」位於句首, 其後需要加逗號。例: Because it was raining, we stayed home.
| 類別 | 連接詞 | 範例 |
|---|---|---|
| 表示原因 | because | I couldn't go because I was sick. |
| 表示時間 | when, while, before, after, until | Call me when you arrive. |
| 表示條件 | if | If you study hard, you will succeed. |
| 表示讓步 | although / though | Although he was tired, he kept working. |
相關(對稱)連接詞 (Correlative)
總是成對出現, 用來連接兩個結構對稱的語法單位, 並帶有加強語氣的效果。
both ... and ... (兩者都...)
→ Both my brother and my sister like music.
not only ... but also ... (不僅...而且...)
→ He is not only a good student but also a great athlete.
語法焦點: 當 not only...but also... 連接兩個主詞時, 動詞的形式由最靠近動詞的那個主詞決定。
特殊連接句構: 表達「也」與「也不」
當我們想表達「我也是」或「我也不是」時, 英文有幾種非常地道的固定句構。
句尾的附和
- too (也): 用於肯定句。
A: I like ice cream. B: I like it, too. - either (也不): 用於否定句。
A: I don't like spiders. B: I don't, either.
句首的倒裝附和
- So + 助動詞/Be + S (也):
A: I am tired. B: So am I. - Neither + 助動詞/Be + S (也不):
A: I am not hungry. B: Neither am I.
互動測驗：連接詞挑戰
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