精熟 was 與 were 的用法, 輕鬆穿越時空說故事。
認識 was / were
想描述「昨天是晴天」或「他那時很快樂」, 我們需要 Be 動詞的過去式。相較於現在式的三種形態, 過去式更簡潔, 只有 was 和 were 兩種。
am 和 is 的過去式是 was；are 的過去式則是 were。
主詞動詞一致性規則
| 主詞 (Subject) | Be 動詞過去式 | 範例 |
|---|---|---|
| I, He, She, It 單數名詞 (the boy) | was | I was tired. / The boy was happy. |
| You, We, They 複數名詞 (the boys) | were | You were late. / They were friends. |
記憶提示: 主詞是單數時 (除了 you 之外), 動詞形態的字尾通常有 s (is / was)。
過去式句型變化
肯定句 (Affirmative Sentences)
過去式的肯定句結構非常簡單, 只需將現在式的 is/am/are 換成對應的 was/were 即可, 常搭配過去時間副詞。
句型: 主詞 + was/were + ...
- I was hungry.
- It was sunny yesterday.
- They were at the beach last weekend.
否定句 (Negative Sentences)
否定句的規則與現在式完全相同: 直接在 was 或 were 的後面加上 not。
句型: 主詞 + was/were + not + ...
縮寫: was not → wasn't, were not → weren't
- He wasn't home.
- She wasn't happy with the gift.
- We weren't tired after the trip.
Yes/No 疑問句與簡答
將 was 或 were 移到主詞的前面, 句尾加上問號, 即可構成疑問句。
句型: Was/Were + 主詞 + ...?
簡答: Yes, 主詞 + was/were. / No, 主詞 + wasn't/weren't.
範例對話:
- A: Was she happy?
B: Yes, she was. / No, she wasn't. - A: Were they students?
B: Yes, they were. / No, they weren't.
本章總結與練習
- 形態: Be 動詞過去式只有兩種形態: was 和 were。
- 主詞動詞一致性: I/he/she/it/單數名詞 與 was 搭配；you/we/they/複數名詞 與 were 搭配。
- 句型變化: 否定句在 was/were 後加 not (可縮寫)；疑問句將 was/were 移至句首。
小練習
A. 填入正確的 Be 動詞過去式 (was/were):
1. I ______ very hungry after the game.
2. The stores ______ not open yesterday.
3. ______ she at the party last Friday?
B. 將句子改為否定句與疑問句:
4. The movie was interesting.
- 否定句: ______________________.
- 疑問句: ______________________?
答案: 1. was, 2. were, 3. Was, 4. 否定句: The movie wasn't interesting., 疑問句: Was the movie interesting?
互動測驗：Be 動詞過去式挑戰
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