掌握 What, Who, Where, When, Why, How，從單向表達躍升至雙向互動。
疑問詞的核心概念
學會陳述事實後, 下一步就是學會「提問」。提問是溝通的起點, 是我們獲取新知、理解世界、與人交流的關鍵。在英語中, 有一組最核心、最強大的工具, 它們被稱為「5W1H」。
語法焦點：兩種基本問句
- Yes/No 疑問句: 用來「確認」資訊, 回答是或否。例: Is he a student?
- WH 資訊問句 (本章重點): 用 5W1H 開頭, 用來「獲取」新的、特定的資訊, 無法用 Yes/No 回答。例: Who is he?
5W1H 疑問詞詳解
這五位成員各自負責一個特定的資訊維度, 讓我們能精準地提出問題。
What (什麼) - 詢問事物、動作、描述
- 詢問事物: Q: What is this? A: It's a comic book.
- 詢問動作: Q: What are you doing? A: I am reading.
- 詢問特定資訊: Q: What is your name? A: My name is Lisa.
Who (誰) - 詢問人物身份
- Q: Who is he? A: He is my brother.
- Q: Who is calling? A: It's my mom.
Where (哪裡) - 詢問地點、位置
- Q: Where are you? A: I am at home.
- Q: Where do you live? A: I live in Zhubei City.
When (何時) - 詢問時間
- Q: When is your birthday? A: It's on June 10th.
- Q: When do you usually go to bed? A: At 11 PM.
Why (為什麼) - 詢問原因
- Q: Why are you late? A: Because I missed the bus.
- Q: Why is she crying? A: Because she lost her toy.
延伸學習: Whose / Which
- Whose (誰的): Whose book is this?
- Which (哪一個): Which color do you prefer, red or blue?
How 是疑問詞中的百變高手, 它的用法最多元, 可以單獨使用, 也可以和其他詞語組合。
How 的核心用法
- 詢問「方法/方式」: Q: How do you go to school? A: By bus.
- 詢問「狀態/情況」: Q: How are you? A: I'm fine.
How + 形容詞/副詞 (詢問程度)
| How 組合 | 用途 | 範例 |
|---|---|---|
| How old | 問年齡 | How old are you? |
| How many (+可數) | 問數量 | How many books do you have? |
| How much (+不可數) | 問量/價錢 | How much is the bag? |
| How long | 問時間長度 | How long will you stay? |
| How often | 問頻率 | How often do you exercise? |
| How far | 問距離 | How far is it to the station? |
本章總結與練習
- 5W 各司其職：What 問事物, Who 問人, Where 問地點, When 問時間, Why 問原因。
- How 用法百搭：可單獨問「如何/怎麼樣」, 也可與形容詞/副詞組合, 問「多...」。
- 基本句構：疑問詞 + 助動詞/Be動詞 + 主詞 + ...?
小練習 (請填入最適當的疑問詞)
1. Q: ______ is that girl? A: She is my sister, Emily.
2. Q: ______ do you live? A: I live in Hsinchu.
3. Q: ______ are you crying? A: Because I lost my wallet.
4. Q: ______ old is your grandfather? A: He is 80 years old.
5. Q: ______ is in your bag? A: My books and a pencil case.
6. Q: ______ do you usually get up? A: At 7:00 AM.
答案：1. Who, 2. Where, 3. Why, 4. How, 5. What, 6. When
互動測驗：疑問詞大挑戰
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